SNIPER TRAINING, FM 23-10, combined with Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment, FM 3-05.222, TC 31-32

SNIPER TRAINING, FM 23-10, combined with Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment, FM 3-05.222, TC 31-32

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BOOK 1, SNIPER TRAINING, FM 23-10,
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
The sniper has special abilities, training and equipment. His job is to deliver
discriminatory highly accurate rifle fire against enemy targets, which cannot be engaged successfully by the rifleman because of range, size, location, fleeting nature, or visibility. Sniping requires the development of basic infantry skills to a high degree of perfection. A sniper's training incorporates a wide variety of subjects designed to increase his value as a force multiplier and to ensure his survival on the battlefield. The art of sniping requires learning and repetitiously practicing these skills until mastered. A sniper must be highly trained in long-range rifle marksmanship and field craft skills to ensure maximum effective
engagements with minimum risk.

BOOK 2, Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment, FM 3-05.222, TC 31-32

This field manual (FM) provides doctrinal guidance on the mission, personnel,
organization, equipment, training, skills, and employment of the Special Forces
(SF) sniper. It describes those segments of sniping that are unique to SF soldiers and those portions of conventional sniping that are necessary to train indigenous forces. It is intended for use by commanders, staffs, instructors, and soldiers at training posts, United States (U.S.) Army schools, and units.

FM 3-05.222 (formerly TC 31-32) addresses three distinct audiences:
• Commanders. It provides specific guidance on the nature, role, candidate
selection, organization, and employment of sniper personnel.
• Trainers. It provides a reference for developing training programs.
• Snipers. It contains detailed information on the fundamental knowledge,
skills, and employment methods of snipers throughout the entire operational continuum.

The most common measurements that the sniper uses are expressed throughout the text and in many cases are U.S. standard terms rather than metric. Appendix A consists of conversion tables that may be used when mission requirements or environments change.